控制单元，英文Control Unit (CU)，是CPU部件之一， 有时也安装与CPU外部。其基本功能是从内存取指令、分析指令和执行指令。控制单元是实现-种或多种控制规律的控制仪表或控制部件。如:多路传输控制单元、代理设置控制单元。无论哪一个种类的控制单元，原理均为通过控制单元发出的控制信号对CPU各个部分加以控制。控制单元大体可以分为以下类。微程序式，由微程序读取和发出控制信号。通过被称为微型定序器的简单数字通路(微型电脑)对微程序加以执行。硬件型控制单元。由数字通路直接发出控制信号。由于集成电路的规模化及设计技术的进步，此种控制单元已成为可能它根据用户预先编好的程序，依次从存储器中取出各条指令,放在指令寄存器IR中，通过指令译码(分析)确定应该进行什么操作，然后通过操作控制器OC,按确定的时序，向相应的部件发出微操作控制信号。操作控制器OC中主要包括节拍脉冲发生器、控制矩阵、时钟脉冲发生器、复位电路和启停电路等控制逻辑。 Control Unit, also known as Control Unit (CU) in English, is one of the CPU components and is sometimes installed externally to the CPU. Its basic function is to fetch instructions from memory, analyze instructions, and execute instructions. A control unit is a control instrument or component that implements one or more control laws. For example, multiplex transmission control unit and proxy setting control unit. Regardless of the type of control unit, the principle is to control various parts of the CPU through control signals sent by the control unit. Control units can generally be divided into the following categories. Microprogramming, which reads and sends control signals by the microprogram. The execution of microprograms is carried out through a simple digital path (microcomputer) called a micro sequencer. Hardware type control unit. Directly issuing control signals through digital channels. Due to the scale of integrated circuits and the advancement of design technology, this control unit has become possible. It sequentially extracts each instruction from the memory based on the user's pre programmed program, places it in the instruction register IR, decodes (analyzes) the instruction to determine what operation should be performed, and then sends micro operation control signals to the corresponding components according to the determined timing through the operation controller OC. The operating controller OC mainly includes control logic such as beat pulse generator, control matrix, clock pulse generator, reset circuit, and start stop circuit.
扫一扫咨询微信客服
